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Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy

Received: 5 November 2018     Accepted: 14 December 2018     Published: 21 January 2019
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Abstract

Background: Although there are many biochemical indicators to reflect changes in renal function, but these indicators can not reflect renal damage timely and accurately. Renal microcirculation changes can not be reflected also. This study amied at evaluate significance of renal perfusion angiography and the indexes of relevant biochemical in early diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods: 30 I-III T2DN patients (DN group) and 25 healthy volunteers (control group) were studied, and both of groups were performed renal perfusion CT angiography imaging examination. Biochemical indexes, which are fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE), 24 h urine protein quantitation (UPQ), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), Cystatin C(Cys C), random albumin to creatinine ratio(ACR), were measured in both of groups, then simplified MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) and Cys C equation were used to calculate the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate(eGFR). double-renal perfusion contrast scanning in both of groups were also conducted to obtain data of double renal blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS) for statistical analysis. Results: The indexes of BF, MTT and FBG, UAE, 24 h UPQ, ACR, Cys C, eGFR were found to have relative strong correlation and statistical significance (P<0.05). BF was shown the negative correlation with those indexes, however MTT had positive correlation with them. The area under ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve), were more than 0.9 for UAE, ACR, NF, and MTT, and it indicate that these indexes have relatively positive effect on the early diagnosis of the DN. For 24 h UPQ, cysteine C, eGFR and BV value, the area Under the curve are between 0.7 and 0.9, which indicates that diagnosis using those index for the disease were accuracy. Thus, the above indexes have better diagnostic efficiency compared to Scr, BUN and eGFR. Conclusion: The biochemical indexes such as UAE, ACR and renal perfusion indexes such as BF and MTT can be applied in the early predicative diagnosis and DN screening. Its diagnosis effect is better than other biochemical indexes.

Published in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12
Page(s) 5-9
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathies, Renal Function, Tomography, Spiral Computed, Perfusion

References
[1] Liao WL, Chang CT, Chen CC, Lee WJ, Lin SY, Liao HY, Wu CM, Chang YW, Chen CJ: Urinary Proteomics for the Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy in Taiwanese Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018;7(12):483.
[2] Association AD: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2012. Diabetes Care 2012;35:S11-S63.
[3] Z S, P Z, C Z: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in china. Lancet 2012;379:815-822.
[4] Philips JC, Marchand M, Scheen AJ: Pulse pressure and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy according to duration of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes/metabolism Research & Reviews 2009;25:442-451.
[5] National eGFR project collaboration group of China: Modification and evaluation of mdrd estimating equation for chinese patients with chronic kidney disease. Chinese Journal of Nephrology 2006;22:589-595.
[6] Feng J, Qiu L, Zhang L, Li X, Yang Y, Zeng P, Guo X, Qin Y, Liu H, Han X: Multicenter study of creatinine- and/or cystatin c-based equations for estimation of glomerular filtration rates in chinese patients with chronic kidney disease. Plos One 2013;8:e57240.
[7] Bembde AS: A study of plasma fibrinogen level in type-2 diabetes mellitus and its relation to glycemic control. Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 2012; 28: 105-108.
[8] Carville S, Wonderling D, Stevens P: Early identification and management of chronic kidney disease in adults: Summary of updated nice guidance. Bmj 2014;349:g4507.
[9] Macisaac RJ, Premaratne E, Jerums G: Estimating glomerular filtration rate in diabetes using serum cystatin c. Clinical Biochemist Reviews 2011;32:61-67.
[10] Assal HS, Tawfeek S, Rasheed EA, Ellebedy D, Thabet EH: Serum cystatin c and tubular urinary enzymes as biomarkers of renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology & Diabetes 2013;6:7.
[11] Zhang PP, Zhan JF, Xie HL, Li LS, Liu ZH: Evaluation of glomerular filtration rate using cystatin c in diabetic patients analysed by multiple factors including tubular function. Journal of International Medical Research 2010;38:473-483.
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[13] Dawson P: Functional imaging in ct. European Journal of Radiology 2006;60:331-340.
[14] Murakami R, Hayashi H, Sugizaki K, Yoshida T, Okazaki E, Kumita S, Owan C: Contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing contrast-enhanced mdct. European Radiology 2012;22:2147-2152.
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    Huiping Liang, Tingting Lu, Huaying Liu, Lili Tan, Li Li, et al. (2019). Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 3(1), 5-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12

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    ACS Style

    Huiping Liang; Tingting Lu; Huaying Liu; Lili Tan; Li Li, et al. Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2019, 3(1), 5-9. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12

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    AMA Style

    Huiping Liang, Tingting Lu, Huaying Liu, Lili Tan, Li Li, et al. Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Pathol Lab Med. 2019;3(1):5-9. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12,
      author = {Huiping Liang and Tingting Lu and Huaying Liu and Lili Tan and Li Li and Xiaojun Tang},
      title = {Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy},
      journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {5-9},
      doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20190301.12},
      abstract = {Background: Although there are many biochemical indicators to reflect changes in renal function, but these indicators can not reflect renal damage timely and accurately. Renal microcirculation changes can not be reflected also. This study amied at evaluate significance of renal perfusion angiography and the indexes of relevant biochemical in early diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods: 30 I-III T2DN patients (DN group) and 25 healthy volunteers (control group) were studied, and both of groups were performed renal perfusion CT angiography imaging examination. Biochemical indexes, which are fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE), 24 h urine protein quantitation (UPQ), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), Cystatin C(Cys C), random albumin to creatinine ratio(ACR), were measured in both of groups, then simplified MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) and Cys C equation were used to calculate the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate(eGFR). double-renal perfusion contrast scanning in both of groups were also conducted to obtain data of double renal blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS) for statistical analysis. Results: The indexes of BF, MTT and FBG, UAE, 24 h UPQ, ACR, Cys C, eGFR were found to have relative strong correlation and statistical significance (P<0.05). BF was shown the negative correlation with those indexes, however MTT had positive correlation with them. The area under ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve), were more than 0.9 for UAE, ACR, NF, and MTT, and it indicate that these indexes have relatively positive effect on the early diagnosis of the DN. For 24 h UPQ, cysteine C, eGFR and BV value, the area Under the curve are between 0.7 and 0.9, which indicates that diagnosis using those index for the disease were accuracy. Thus, the above indexes have better diagnostic efficiency compared to Scr, BUN and eGFR. Conclusion: The biochemical indexes such as UAE, ACR and renal perfusion indexes such as BF and MTT can be applied in the early predicative diagnosis and DN screening. Its diagnosis effect is better than other biochemical indexes.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Significance of Renal Perfusion Angiography and Biochemical Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy
    AU  - Huiping Liang
    AU  - Tingting Lu
    AU  - Huaying Liu
    AU  - Lili Tan
    AU  - Li Li
    AU  - Xiaojun Tang
    Y1  - 2019/01/21
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12
    T2  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    JF  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    JO  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    SP  - 5
    EP  - 9
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-4478
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20190301.12
    AB  - Background: Although there are many biochemical indicators to reflect changes in renal function, but these indicators can not reflect renal damage timely and accurately. Renal microcirculation changes can not be reflected also. This study amied at evaluate significance of renal perfusion angiography and the indexes of relevant biochemical in early diagnosis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods: 30 I-III T2DN patients (DN group) and 25 healthy volunteers (control group) were studied, and both of groups were performed renal perfusion CT angiography imaging examination. Biochemical indexes, which are fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE), 24 h urine protein quantitation (UPQ), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), Cystatin C(Cys C), random albumin to creatinine ratio(ACR), were measured in both of groups, then simplified MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) and Cys C equation were used to calculate the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate(eGFR). double-renal perfusion contrast scanning in both of groups were also conducted to obtain data of double renal blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface (PS) for statistical analysis. Results: The indexes of BF, MTT and FBG, UAE, 24 h UPQ, ACR, Cys C, eGFR were found to have relative strong correlation and statistical significance (P<0.05). BF was shown the negative correlation with those indexes, however MTT had positive correlation with them. The area under ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve), were more than 0.9 for UAE, ACR, NF, and MTT, and it indicate that these indexes have relatively positive effect on the early diagnosis of the DN. For 24 h UPQ, cysteine C, eGFR and BV value, the area Under the curve are between 0.7 and 0.9, which indicates that diagnosis using those index for the disease were accuracy. Thus, the above indexes have better diagnostic efficiency compared to Scr, BUN and eGFR. Conclusion: The biochemical indexes such as UAE, ACR and renal perfusion indexes such as BF and MTT can be applied in the early predicative diagnosis and DN screening. Its diagnosis effect is better than other biochemical indexes.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Medicine, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, PR China

  • Department of Medical Technology, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, PR China

  • Department of Medicine, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, PR China

  • Department of Medical Technology, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, PR China

  • Department of Medicine, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, PR China

  • Department of Medical Technology, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, PR China

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