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Epidemiological Study of Mortality in the First Twenty-Four Hours of Emergency Admission

Received: 22 November 2020     Accepted: 2 December 2020     Published: 11 December 2020
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Abstract

Introduction: Epidemiological investigation of Mortality is essential for health policy control of risk factors and disease. Obtaining this information is the essential basis for planning, management and evaluation, and accountability in countries' health sector. Studying Mortality and its etiologic factors are the most appropriate strategies to reduce Mortality. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the causes of death and prognostic factor of death in patients referred to the emergency department. Method: this was a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2018 at Tohid Teaching Hospital in Sanandaj. All history and clinical examination data and Para clinical study of the patients who had expired in the first 24 hours after emergency department admission were collected in questionnaire sheets. The data was interred into spss software and analyzed using descriptive statistics frequency and percentage. Result: 73 patients, 43.8% female, and 41% male with a mean age of 63.6 years old 20-90 evaluated in our study. The first common chief complaint of the patients was chest pain 24.7%, and the most common past medical disease in the patients was hypertension 28.8% also the first common reason of death was ischemic heart disease 31.5%.43.8% of patients had abnormal electrocardiograms, 19.2% had dysrhythmias, and 24.6% had ischemic changes. Laboratory results also showed that the prevalence of sodium imbalance was 53.5%, and potassium and calcium imbalance were 37.9%& 80.8%. Also, 80.8% of patients had PH abnormalities, 30.1% acidosis, and 50.7% alkalosis. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that patients with cardiac problems or a history of cardiovascular disease are the highest risk patients and should be considered more serious. Also, electrolyte and blood gas imbalance were prevalent in these patients.

Published in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12
Page(s) 37-42
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Epidemiology, Mortality, Emergency

References
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[2] Heymann Eric, Wicky Alexandre, Carron Pierre-Nicolas, Exadaktylos, Aristomenis, Death in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Analysis of Mortality in a Swiss University Hospital, 2019/09/02, Volume 2019 |Article ID 5263521 | 9 pages, DOI - 10.1155/2019/5263521- Emergency Medicine International.
[3] Index Mundi. Available in: https://www.indexmundi.com/g/g.aspx?v=26&c=ir&l=en.
[4] Mirbaha S, Saberinia MA, Ghesmati S, Forouzanfar M. An Epidemiologic Study on Emergency Department Mortality. Advanced Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2018; 24: e43. DOI: 10.22114/ajem. v0i0.105.
[5] Ozakin E, Cevik AA, Kaya FB, Acar N, Abu-Zidan FM. Factors Affecting Mortality in Patients Admitted to the Hospital by Emergency Physicians despite Disagreement with Other Specialties. Emerg Med Int. 2020; 2020: 2173691. Published 2020 Mar 13. doi: 10.1155/2020/2173691.
[6] Stefanovski, Petko Hristov et al. “Analysis of mortality in the emergency department at a university hospital in Pleven.” The Journal of international medical research vol. 45, 5 2017: 1553-1561. doi: 10.1177/0300060517707901.
[7] FARIDAALAEE, Gholamreza; NIKZAD, Farshid; RAHMANI, Seyed Hesam. Cause of Death in Emergency Department; a Brief Report. Iranian Journal of Emergency Medicine, S. l., v. 2, n. 1, p. pp. 45-48, feb. 2015. ISSN 2383-3645. Available at: . Date accessed: 29 may 2020.
[8] Alimohammadi, Hossein et al. “Cause of Emergency Department Mortality; a Case-control Study.” Emergency Tehran, Iran vol. 2, 1 2014: 30-5.
[9] Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, et al. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with infection. Ann Emerg Med. 2005; 455: 524-528. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.006.
[10] Vanbrabant P, Dhondt E, Sabbe M. What do we know about patients dying in the emergency department? Resuscitation. 2004; 602: 163-170. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2003.08.012.
[11] Cannon CP, Gibson CM, Lambrew CT, et al. Relationship of symptom-onset-to-balloon time and door-to-balloon time with mortality in patients undergoing angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. JAMA. 2000; 28322: 2941–7.
[12] Shao, P. J., Sawe, H. R., Murray, B. L. et al. Profile of patients with hypertensive urgency and emergency presenting to an urban emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 18, 158 2018. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-018-0895-0
[13] Lu TC, Tsai CL, Lee CC, et al. Preventable deaths in patients admitted from emergency department. Emerg Med J. 2006; 236: 452-455. doi: 10.1136/emj.2004.022319.
[14] Balcı, Arif Kadri et al. “General characteristics of patients with electrolyte imbalance admitted to emergency department.” World journal of emergency medicine vol. 4, 2 2013: 113-6. doi: 10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2013.02.005.
[15] Tazmini, Kiarash et al. “Electrolyte imbalances in an unselected population in an emergency department: A retrospective cohort study.” PloS one vol. 14, 4 e0215673. 25 Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215673.
[16] Pin-on, Pathomporn MD, M. Med. Sc; Saringkarinkul, Ananchanok MD; Punjasawadwong, Yodying MD; Kacha, Srisuluck MD; Wilairat, Drusakorn RN Serum electrolyte imbalance and prognostic factors of postoperative death in adult traumatic brain injury patients, Medicine: November 2018 - Volume 97 - Issue 45 - p e13081 doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000013081.
[17] Hu, Jiachang, Yimei Wang, Rongyi Chen, Xiaoyan Zhang, Jing Lin, Jie Teng and Xiaoqiang Ding. “Electrolyte and acid-base disturbances in critically ill patients: a retrospective and propensity-matched study.” 2017.
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  • APA Style

    Abdol Ghader Pakniyat, Maziar Nikouei, Mojtaba Cheraghi, Farima Zakaryaei, Khaled Rahmani, et al. (2020). Epidemiological Study of Mortality in the First Twenty-Four Hours of Emergency Admission. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 4(2), 37-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12

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    ACS Style

    Abdol Ghader Pakniyat; Maziar Nikouei; Mojtaba Cheraghi; Farima Zakaryaei; Khaled Rahmani, et al. Epidemiological Study of Mortality in the First Twenty-Four Hours of Emergency Admission. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2020, 4(2), 37-42. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12

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    AMA Style

    Abdol Ghader Pakniyat, Maziar Nikouei, Mojtaba Cheraghi, Farima Zakaryaei, Khaled Rahmani, et al. Epidemiological Study of Mortality in the First Twenty-Four Hours of Emergency Admission. Pathol Lab Med. 2020;4(2):37-42. doi: 10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12,
      author = {Abdol Ghader Pakniyat and Maziar Nikouei and Mojtaba Cheraghi and Farima Zakaryaei and Khaled Rahmani and Vahid Yousefinejad and Shilan Nourani Koliji},
      title = {Epidemiological Study of Mortality in the First Twenty-Four Hours of Emergency Admission},
      journal = {Pathology and Laboratory Medicine},
      volume = {4},
      number = {2},
      pages = {37-42},
      doi = {10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plm.20200402.12},
      abstract = {Introduction: Epidemiological investigation of Mortality is essential for health policy control of risk factors and disease. Obtaining this information is the essential basis for planning, management and evaluation, and accountability in countries' health sector. Studying Mortality and its etiologic factors are the most appropriate strategies to reduce Mortality. Objective:  The study aimed to investigate the causes of death and prognostic factor of death in patients referred to the emergency department. Method:  this was a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2018 at Tohid Teaching Hospital in Sanandaj. All history and clinical examination data and Para clinical study of the patients who had expired in the first 24 hours after emergency department admission were collected in questionnaire sheets. The data was interred into spss software and analyzed using descriptive statistics frequency and percentage. Result:  73 patients, 43.8% female, and 41% male with a mean age of 63.6 years old 20-90 evaluated in our study. The first common chief complaint of the patients was chest pain 24.7%, and the most common past medical disease in the patients was hypertension 28.8% also the first common reason of death was ischemic heart disease 31.5%.43.8% of patients had abnormal electrocardiograms, 19.2% had dysrhythmias, and 24.6% had ischemic changes. Laboratory results also showed that the prevalence of sodium imbalance was 53.5%, and potassium and calcium imbalance were 37.9%& 80.8%. Also, 80.8% of patients had PH abnormalities, 30.1% acidosis, and 50.7% alkalosis. Conclusion:  According to the results, it can be concluded that patients with cardiac problems or a history of cardiovascular disease are the highest risk patients and should be considered more serious. Also, electrolyte and blood gas imbalance were prevalent in these patients.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Epidemiological Study of Mortality in the First Twenty-Four Hours of Emergency Admission
    AU  - Abdol Ghader Pakniyat
    AU  - Maziar Nikouei
    AU  - Mojtaba Cheraghi
    AU  - Farima Zakaryaei
    AU  - Khaled Rahmani
    AU  - Vahid Yousefinejad
    AU  - Shilan Nourani Koliji
    Y1  - 2020/12/11
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12
    T2  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    JF  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    JO  - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
    SP  - 37
    EP  - 42
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-4478
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20200402.12
    AB  - Introduction: Epidemiological investigation of Mortality is essential for health policy control of risk factors and disease. Obtaining this information is the essential basis for planning, management and evaluation, and accountability in countries' health sector. Studying Mortality and its etiologic factors are the most appropriate strategies to reduce Mortality. Objective:  The study aimed to investigate the causes of death and prognostic factor of death in patients referred to the emergency department. Method:  this was a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2018 at Tohid Teaching Hospital in Sanandaj. All history and clinical examination data and Para clinical study of the patients who had expired in the first 24 hours after emergency department admission were collected in questionnaire sheets. The data was interred into spss software and analyzed using descriptive statistics frequency and percentage. Result:  73 patients, 43.8% female, and 41% male with a mean age of 63.6 years old 20-90 evaluated in our study. The first common chief complaint of the patients was chest pain 24.7%, and the most common past medical disease in the patients was hypertension 28.8% also the first common reason of death was ischemic heart disease 31.5%.43.8% of patients had abnormal electrocardiograms, 19.2% had dysrhythmias, and 24.6% had ischemic changes. Laboratory results also showed that the prevalence of sodium imbalance was 53.5%, and potassium and calcium imbalance were 37.9%& 80.8%. Also, 80.8% of patients had PH abnormalities, 30.1% acidosis, and 50.7% alkalosis. Conclusion:  According to the results, it can be concluded that patients with cardiac problems or a history of cardiovascular disease are the highest risk patients and should be considered more serious. Also, electrolyte and blood gas imbalance were prevalent in these patients.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sceinces, Sanandaj, Iran

  • Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

  • Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

  • Department of Emergency Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

  • Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

  • Liver and Digestive Research Center, Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

  • Department of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

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